''' Purpose: demonstrate the printing of a string of characters
'''

# get a string of three letters
reply = input( "Enter a three letter-string: " )
# reply is the string of the user input
# reply[0] is how we get the character at index 0
### print the characters
ch0 = reply[0]
ch1 = reply[1]
ch2 = reply[2]

# 'abc'
#  012

# ch0 would be 'a' ch1 would be 'b' ch2 would be 'c'

print( ch0 )
print( ch1 )
print( ch2 )

# get a string 
reply = input( "Enter a string: " )

# Now we want to print out the characters for a string of any number of characters!
# Not just three characters!

### print the characters

# for loopvariable in sequence:
    # statements

# loopvariable takes on different values each time we go through the loop
# You can name the loop variable WHATEVER you want!
# Each new value is a smaller part of the sequence
    # Sequences can be lists, strings, or ranges
        #Broken into: elements characters  numbers for the different values of the loop variable!
# Keywords are special words in Python with special meanings (like for and in) - usually bolded blue in the IDE PyCharm

for ch in reply: # ch is our loop variable and the sequence is reply (a string) - ch is each character in reply one by one
    print( ch ) # print out the value of ch for each new time we go through the loop
    # All statements inside the loop to be repeated for each value of the loop variable
    # are indented into the for loop

reply = input( 'Enter text: ' )
# split() splits on whitespace so split() won't break a string up into characters unless they're separated by spaces


# Another Python type: list
# INTRODUCTION TO ACCUMULATION (more on this later) - BIG TOPIC IN THIS CLASS!!
# Lists look like [...,...,...] where ... are elements

# Accumulation using a list
# new_list = [] # ACCUMULATOR INITIALIZED BEFORE THE FOR LOOP!!!!!
# for ... in ...:
    # new_list.append( what we wanna add to the list )

# Now the list has elements in it :)

new_list = [] # [] denotes empty list - we will initialize new_list as an empty list and add to it using the for loop
for ch in reply:
    # new_list = [] # For a single loop accumulation, this resets the new_list to the empty list each time we go through the for loop - don't do this
    # print( new_list )
    # Each time through the loop add ch to our new list
    new_list.append( ch ) # .append() is the function to add elements into a list! More on lists in the next few classes!
    # print( new_list )

print( new_list ) # NOT IN THE FOR LOOP - outside the for loop after we've added all the characters into the list

# When the for loop finishes (executes the code for the last value of the loop variable / end of the sequence) it
# automatically ends the for loop

# But only indented statements are executed in the for loop itself - anything outside the for loop is not
# part of the for loop.