''' e-mail 1:
    e-mail 2:
     
    Purpose: experience the thrill of string manipulation
'''

# get input
s = input( 'Enter a line of text: ' )        


############################################################################

# determine n -- the length of s
n = len( s )                    # len() is a built-in function for determining the length of a sequence (e.g., string)

# display result
print( )
print( 'The input has length:', n )

############################################################################

# determine last_index -- the index of the last character in s
last_index = n - 1              # indices start at 0, so if a string has length n, the last character has index n-1

# determine last_character -- the last character in s
last_character = s[ last_index ]    # brackets allow us to peak into a screen

# display result
print( )
print( 'The last character ( i.e., at index', last_index, ') is:', last_character )

############################################################################

# determine one_third_n -- the index of a character about 1/3 of the way through s
one_third_n = n // 3

# determine two_thirds_n -- the index of a character about 2/3 of the way through s
two_thirds_n = 2 * n // 3

# determine middle -- the middle third of s
middle = s[ one_third_n : two_thirds_n ]

# display result
print( )
print( 'The middle of the input is:', middle )