# some strings
s  = "immUTAble!"
t  = "banana"
u  = "AN"
v  = "an"
w  = "___"

print( "s:", s )
print( "t:", t )
print( "u:", u )
print( "v:", v )
print( "w:", w )
print()

# produce variants of a string
s_c = s.capitalize()
s_l = s.lower()
s_u = s.upper()

print( "s.lower() =", s_l, "       # all lower case version of s" )
print( "s.upper() =", s_u, "       # all upper case version of s" )
print( "s.capitalize() =", s_c, "  # version of s initial character capitalized, rest lower" )
print()

r1 = t.replace( u, w )
r2 = t.replace( v, w )
r3 = t.replace( v, "" )

print( "t.replace( u, w ):", r1, "   # version of t with its u's replaced with w's" )
print( "t.replace( v, w ):", r2, " # version of t with its v's replaced with w's" )
print( "t.replace( v, \"\" ):", r3, "      # version of t with its v's replaced with \"\"'s" )
print()

# examine a string for its substrings
c_u  = t.count( u )
c_v  = t.count( v )
c_v1 = t.count( v, 1 )
c_v2 = t.count( v, 2 )
c_v8 = t.count( v, 8 )

print( "t.count( u ):", c_u,  "             # number of string u in t" )
print( "t.count( v ):", c_v,  "             # number of string v in t" )
print()

print( "t.count( v, 1 ):", c_v1, "          # number of string v in t, starting at index 1" )
print( "t.count( v, 2 ):", c_v2, "          # number of string v in t, starting at index 2" )
print( "t.count( v, 8 ):", c_v8, "          # number of string v in t, starting at index 8" )
print()

i_u = t.find( u )
i_v = t.find( v )
i_v1 = t.find( v, 1 )
i_v2 = t.find( v, 2 )
i_v8 = t.find( v, 8 )

print( "t.find( u ):", i_u,  "             # first occurrence of string u in t" )
print( "t.find( v ):", i_v,  "              # first occurrence of string v in t" )
print()

print( "t.find( v, 1 ):", i_v1, "           # first occurrence of string v in t, starting at index 1" )
print( "t.find( v, 2 ):", i_v2, "           # first occurrence of string v in t, starting at index 2" )
print( "t.find( v, 8 ):", i_v8, "          # first occurrence of string v in t, starting at index 8" )