%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Style file for PDW-96 adapted from the ISCAS-96 style, March 4, 1996
% by Professor Gabriel Robins, robins@cs.virginia.edu
% 
% This style is only a guide.  Authors are responsible for ensuring that
% the paper submitted actually meets the layout specifications in the
% authors' kit.
%
% There are two sets of options to control appearance and format:
%   draft|abstract|preprint:
%     ``abstract'' produces an extra page that is a copy of the
%       abstract, with the title, author(s), and affiliation(s),
%       properly formatted for the Conference Guide abstract submission.
%       See notes on title/author/affiliation below.
%     ``draft'' sets draft mode, which gives the page number at the top and
%       date/time stamp at the bottom of each page.  Draft mode also sets
%       ``\raggedbottom'' so that extra vertical space in a column will be
%       visible at the bottom (otherwise the space is distributed evenly,
%       making all the column bottoms come out even).
%       Remember to TURN OFF ``draft'' FOR YOUR FINAL COPY.
%     ``preprint'' is meant for producing copies of your paper for
%       distribution.  It adds page numbers (1 through 4) at the bottom,
%       plus a note that the paper will appear in Proc. PDW-96.
%
%       \toappear{Stuff} and \copyrightnotice{Stuff} can be used to set
%       the ``to appear'' and ``copyright notice'' text; they default
%       to the appropriate notices for PDW-96.
%     Setting ``preprint'' turns off ``draft'' and ``abstract''.
%       ``draft'' and ``abstract'' can be used together.
%     Don't use ``draft'' or ``preprint'' for the copy that you submit
%       for publication.
%   open|close
%     ``open'' opens up the linespacing by about 10%, making the paper
%       much easier on the eyes.
%     ``close'' tightens the linespacing by about 8%, making the paper a
%       little less readable but still acceptable.
%     Only one of {open,close} should be used.
%
% Title, author(s), and affiliation(s) should be specified right after
%   \begin{document} -- these work pretty much like the ``article'' style.
% Title:  The title is specified by \title{The Title}.
% Author: The author is specified by \author{Who}.  Multiple authors are
%   separated by \and:
%     \author{First Author\and Second Author\and Third Author}.
%   Don't leave any spaces before each ``\and''.
% Affiliation:  The affiliation(s) are specified by \affiliation{Where}.
%   Use ``\\'' to break lines within the \affiliation.
% Once \title, \author, and \affiliation have been specified,
%   \maketitle will generate the actual title block.
%
% Abstract:  The abstract is surrounded by \begin{abstract} ... \end{abstract}.
%   This will produce the abstract in the paper, and if the ``abstract''
%   option is used it will also produce a separate page with a copy of
%   the abstract properly formatted for the Conference Guide.  By
%   default, this Conference Guide abstract uses the same \title,
%   \author, and \affiliation as the main paper.  To change this, simply
%   redefine \title, \author, and/or \affiliation somewhere after the
%   \maketitle and before the \end{abstract}.  (This might be necessary to
%   get these things properly formatted for the Conference Guide.)
%   An ``overfull vbox'' warning from TeX while it is formatting the
%   abstract means that your abstract is too long.  This, and other
%   errors associated with formatting the abstract page, will be
%   reported with a line number that points to the \end{document}.
%
% \section, \subsection, and \subsubsection generate numbered headings
%   properly formatted for PDW-96 papers.
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Here is a skeleton for a paper.  Note that the open and abstract options
% are turned on.
%
% \documentstyle[open,abstract]{pdw96}
%
% \title{The Paper Title}
% \author{First Author$^1$ \and Second Author$^1$ \and Third Author$^2$}
% \affiliation{
%   $^1$First and Second Authors' Affiliation, City, State, Country \\
%   $^2$Third Author's Affiliation, City, State, Country
% }
%
% \begin{document}
%
% \maketitle
% \begin{abstract}
% Text of the abstract.
% \end{abstract}
%
% \section{First Section Heading}
% ...
% \subsection{Subsection Heading}
% ...
% ...
% \bibliography{bibfilename}
%
% \end{document}
% \bye
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% Modified from
% article.sty 16-Mar-88

\typeout{Document Style `pdw96 <December 22, 1995>.}
\def\copyrightnotice#1{\gdef\@copyrightnotice{#1}}\let\@copyrightnotice\relax
\def\toappear#1{\gdef\@toappear{#1}}\let\@toappear\relax

%%% Various parameters controlling details of the layout, that might be
%%% changed for different conferences, are specified below.  These
%%% parameters can all be set in the body of the paper itself, after the
%%% \documentstyle but before the \begin{document}.

%%% Strings for the preprint titlepage footer:
\copyrightnotice{\copyright\ ACM/SIGDA 1996}
\toappear{To appear in {\it Proc. PDW-96, April 15-17, Reston, VA, USA}}

%%% Parameters controlling the size and placement of the paper:
\topmargin .05in
\headheight 12pt \headsep 25pt \footskip 30pt
\advance \topmargin by -\headheight\advance \topmargin by -\headsep
\textwidth 6.9in
\columnsep .32in
\textheight 8.9in
\oddsidemargin-.25in
\evensidemargin \oddsidemargin

%%% Parameters controlling the title page layout
\newdimen\titleheight \newdimen\afterabstractskip
\titleheight=2in         % Total (fixed) height of title area
\afterabstractskip=.25in % Extra skip between end of abstract & start of text

%%% Parameters controlling the size and placement of the separate abstract:
\newdimen\abstractheight \newdimen\abstractwidth \newdimen\abstracttopskip
\newdimen\abstractleftskip
\abstractheight=3in      % Height of the abstract box
\abstractwidth=3.3in     % Width of the abstract box
\abstracttopskip=2.5in   % Extra skip above abstract box (top offset)
\abstractleftskip=1.25in % Extra skip to left of abstract box (left offset)

\newdimen\@lineskipbasedim\dimen\@lineskipbasedim=9.7pt
\def\@lineskipbase{\dimen\@lineskipbasedim}
\def\ds@close{\@lineskipbase=9pt}\def\ds@open{\@lineskipbase=10.6pt}
\newif\if@preprint\@preprintfalse
\def\ds@preprint{\@preprinttrue}
\newif\if@doabstract\@doabstractfalse
\def\ds@abstract{\@doabstracttrue}
\newif\if@draft\@draftfalse
\def\ds@draft{\@drafttrue\overfullrule5pt}
\@options
\if@preprint\@draftfalse\@doabstractfalse\fi %preprint ==> no draft, abstract

\columnseprule 0pt

\marginparwidth 48pt
\marginparsep 10pt


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Here is where all the font specs go
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\lineskip 1pt \normallineskip 1pt
\def\baselinestretch{1}

\def\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{\@lineskipbase}\ixpt\@ixpt
\abovedisplayskip .885\@lineskipbase plus 3pt minus 4pt
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt\belowdisplayshortskip 4pt plus2pt minus2pt
\let\@listi\@listI}

\def\small{\@setsize\small{.94\@lineskipbase}\viiipt\@viiipt
\abovedisplayskip .885\@lineskipbase plus 3pt minus 4pt
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus2pt\belowdisplayshortskip 4pt plus2pt minus 2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 3pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\parsep 2pt
plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{.94\@lineskipbase}\viiipt\@viiipt
\abovedisplayskip .625\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus 4pt
\belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus1pt \belowdisplayshortskip 3pt plus1pt minus2pt
\def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini \topsep 3pt plus 1pt minus 1pt\parsep 2pt
plus 1pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\def\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{.833\@lineskipbase}\viipt\@viipt}
\def\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{.625\@lineskipbase}\vpt\@vpt}
\def\large{\@setsize\large{1.25\@lineskipbase}\xipt\@xipt}
\def\Large{\@setsize\Large{1.667\@lineskipbase}\xivpt\@xivpt}
\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{2.083\@lineskipbase}\xviipt\@xviipt}
\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{2.5\@lineskipbase}\xxpt\@xxpt}
\def\Huge{\@setsize\Huge{3.125\@lineskipbase}\xxvpt\@xxvpt}
\normalsize
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\marginparwidth 90pt


\footnotesep .6\@lineskipbase
\skip\footins .833\@lineskipbase plus 4pt minus 2pt
\floatsep 0.3\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus 1pt
\textfloatsep 0.5\@lineskipbase plus 3pt minus 1pt
\intextsep 0.5\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus 2pt
\@maxsep 0.5\@lineskipbase
\dblfloatsep \floatsep
\dbltextfloatsep \textfloatsep
\@dblmaxsep \textfloatsep
\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil \@fpsep 6pt plus 2fil \@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil
\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil \@dblfpsep 6pt plus 2fil \@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil
\marginparpush 5pt
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\parskip 0pt plus 1pt \parindent1em \partopsep 1pt plus 1pt minus .5pt
\@lowpenalty 51 \@medpenalty 151 \@highpenalty 301
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@itempenalty
-\@lowpenalty
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\part{\par \addvspace{4ex} \@afterindentfalse \secdef\@part\@spart}
\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \refstepcounter{part}
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart \hspace{1em}#1}\else
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi { \parindent 0pt \raggedright
 \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \bf Part \thepart \par \nobreak \fi
\bf #2\markboth{}{}\par } \nobreak \vskip 3ex \@afterheading }
\def\@spart#1{{\parindent 0pt \raggedright
 \bf
 #1\par} \nobreak \vskip 3ex \@afterheading }
\def\doIsection#1#2#3#4#5#6#7{\@ifstar{\dosIsection
  {#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}}{\donsIsection{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7}}}
\def\dosIsection#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{\@startsection
 {#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}*{#7{#8}}}
\def\donsIsection#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8{\@startsection
 {#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}{#7{#8}}}
\def\section{\doIsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-2ex plus -1ex minus
 -.2ex}{1ex plus .2ex}{\parindent=0pt\leftskip=0pt plus1fill
 \rightskip=\leftskip\normalsize\bf}\uppercase}
\def\subsection{\doIsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-1.5ex plus -.5ex minus
 -.2ex}{.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}\relax}
\def\subsubsection{\doIsection{subsubsection}{3}{\parindent}{1.5ex plus
.2ex minus .2ex}{.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\it}\relax}
\def\paragraph{\@startsection
 {paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subparagraph{\@startsection
 {subparagraph}{4}{\parindent}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus
 .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}


\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}

\def\appendix{\par
 \setcounter{section}{0}
 \setcounter{subsection}{0}
 \def\thesection{\Alph{section}}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\leftmargini 2em
\leftmarginii 1.7em \leftmarginiii 1.5em \leftmarginiv 1em \leftmarginv .5em
\leftmarginvi .5em
\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelsep .5em
\labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini\parsep .2\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus 1pt
 \topsep .6\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus 3pt
 \itemsep .15\@lineskipbase plus 1pt}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
 \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
 \topsep .32\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus 1pt
 \parsep .15\@lineskipbase plus 1pt minus 1pt
 \itemsep .1\@lineskipbase plus 1pt}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
 \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
 \topsep .15\@lineskipbase plus 2pt minus .5pt
 \parsep \z@ \partopsep 1pt plus 0pt minus 1pt
 \itemsep .15\@lineskipbase plus 1pt}
\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
 \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
 \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
 \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
\def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}}
\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}

\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf --}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}

\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
 \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent \itemindent
 \rightmargin\leftmargin\advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist
\def\quotation{\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em
 \itemindent\listparindent
 \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep 0pt plus 1pt}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist
\def\quote{\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist

\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
 \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
\let\enddescription\endlist
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}


\def\titlepage{\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
 \thispagestyle{empty}\c@page\z@}
\def\endtitlepage{\twocolumn}

\arraycolsep 5pt \tabcolsep 6pt \arrayrulewidth .4pt \doublerulesep 2pt
\tabbingsep \labelsep

\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
\fboxsep = 3pt \fboxrule = .4pt
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcounter{part}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]

\def\thepart{\Roman{part}} \def\thesection {\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\def\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\def\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
\def\@tocrmarg {2.55em}
\def\@dotsep{4.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}

\def\tableofcontents{\section*{Contents\@mkboth{CONTENTS}{CONTENTS}}
 \@starttoc{toc}}
\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}
 \addvspace{2.25em plus 1pt} \begingroup
 \@tempdima 3em \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth \parfillskip
-\@pnumwidth
 {\bf \leavevmode #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
 \nobreak \endgroup}
\def\l@section#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty} \addvspace{1.0em plus 1pt}
\@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup
 \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
 \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
 \bf \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip #1\nobreak\hfil
\nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
 \endgroup}

\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
\def\listoffigures{\section*{List of Figures\@mkboth
 {LIST OF FIGURES}{LIST OF FIGURES}}\@starttoc{lof}}
\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\def\listoftables{\section*{List of Tables\@mkboth
 {LIST OF TABLES}{LIST OF TABLES}}\@starttoc{lot}}
\let\l@table\l@figure

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{References\@mkboth
 {REFERENCES}{REFERENCES}}\list
 {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
 \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
 \usecounter{enumi}}
 \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em}
 \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\let\endthebibliography=\endlist

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newif\if@restonecol
\def\theindex{\@restonecolfalse
\columnseprule \z@
\columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\section*{Index}]
 \@mkboth{INDEX}{INDEX}\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
 \parskip\z@ plus .3pt\relax\let\item\@idxitem}
\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40pt}
\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{20pt}}
\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{30pt}}
\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10pt plus 5pt minus 3pt\relax}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
 \hrule width .4\columnwidth
 \kern 2.6\p@}

\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent
 \hbox to 1.8em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\def\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.2}
\def\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
 \vskip 10pt
 \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{\captionfont #1. #2}
 \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize \captionfont #1. #2\par \else \hbox
to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}
 \fi}
\let\captionfont\bf

\newcounter{figure}
\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{Figure \thefigure}
\def\figure{\@float{figure}}
\let\endfigure\end@float
\@namedef{figure*}{\@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}
\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{Table \thetable}
\def\table{\@float{table}}
\let\endtable\end@float
\@namedef{table*}{\@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\affiliation#1{\gdef\@affiliation{#1}}
\gdef\@affiliation{}% Default is nothing
\gdef\@author{}% Default is nothing

\def\maketitle{\par
 \begingroup
   \def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
   \def\@makefnmark{\hbox to 0pt{$^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}}
   \twocolumn[\@maketitle]
   \@thanks
 \endgroup
 \setcounter{footnote}{0}
 \let\maketitle\relax
 \let\@maketitle\relax}
\def\@maketitle{\newpage\null
 \vbox to\titleheight{\vskip3ex plus1fill
 \begin{center}
  {\large\bf \expandafter\uppercase\expandafter{\@title} \par}
  \vskip 1.5em {\normalsize \lineskip .5em
  {\it\begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author\end{tabular}}\par}
 \vskip 1ex \@affiliation
 \end{center}\par
 \vskip 1.5ex plus1fill}}

\def\@expandauthors#1\and#2\and#3\@endexpandauthors{%
  \def\mytempa{#3}\def\mytempb{\and}\ifx\mytempa\mytempb
    #1 and #2\else \ifx\mytempa\@empty #1\else
      #1, \@expandauthors#2\and #3\@endexpandauthors\fi\fi}

\newbox\abstract@box
\def\abstract{\section*{ABSTRACT}\global\setbox\abstract@box\hbox\bgroup}
\def\endabstract{\egroup\setbox0=\copy\abstract@box
  \unhbox0\vskip\afterabstractskip
  \if@doabstract
    \global\let\@endd@cument\enddocument\gdef\enddocument{\bgroup
    \textwidth\abstractwidth\parindent0pt\begin{figure*}[p]
    \let\and\relax
    \hrule height0pt width1in\vskip\abstracttopskip
    \moveright\abstractleftskip\vbox to\abstractheight{%
      \expandafter\uppercase\expandafter{\@title}\par
      \vskip.1\baselineskip plus1fil
{\it \expandafter\@expandauthors\@author \and \and \@endexpandauthors}\par
      \vskip.1\baselineskip plus1fil
      {\@affiliation}\par\vskip.3\baselineskip plus2fil
      \unhbox\abstract@box\par\vskip0pt plus4fil}
    \dimen0\textheight\advance\dimen0by-\abstractheight
    \advance\dimen0by-\abstracttopskip\vskip\dimen0
    \hrule height0pt width1in\end{figure*}\egroup
  \@endd@cument}\fi}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\mark{{}{}}

\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}\def\@oddhead{\hbox {}\sl \rightmark \hfil
\rm\thepage}\def\sectionmark##1{\markright {\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth
>\z@
 \thesection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}}

\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl\rightmark \hfil
\rm\thepage}\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\rm \thepage\hfil\sl\leftmark\hbox
{}}\def\@evenfoot{}\def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\today{\ifcase\month\or
 January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
 July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
 \space\number\day, \number\year}
\def\now{{\count255=\time\divide\count255 by60
   \ifnum\count255<10 0\fi\number\count255:\multiply\count255 by60
   \advance\count255 by-\time\ifnum\count255>-10 0\fi\number -\count255}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\ps@hightop{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
  \def\@oddhead{\hfill\vbox to0pt{\vskip-.4in\hbox{\thepage}\vss}\hfill}
  \def\@oddfoot{}}
\def\ps@draft{\ps@hightop\def\@oddfoot{{\normalsize\today\hfill\now}}}
\def\ps@preprint{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\def\@oddhead{}
  \def\@oddfoot{\rlap{\@toappear}\hfil\thepage\hfil
    \llap{\@copyrightnotice}\gdef\@toappear{}\gdef\@copyrightnotice{}}}

\if@draft\ps@draft\raggedbottom\typeout{DRAFT MODE}
\else\if@preprint\ps@preprint
\else\ps@empty\flushbottom\fi\fi
\pagenumbering{arabic}

\renewcommand{\thesection}{\arabic{section}.}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}.}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}.\arabic{subsubsection}.}
\twocolumn
\sloppy