# examples for Lists

# Tracing through code
print("=== Example: Tracing through code ===")
num = 5
grades = [97, 86, 91, num, 88]
num = 33
big = [23, grades, num, 7]
grades[1] = 87
grades.append(6)
print(grades)
big[2] = grades
print(big)



# Creating Lists
print("=== Example: Creating Lists ===")
animals = ['cow', 'dog', 'horse']	# create a new list
print(animals)

animals1 = [] 					# create an empty list
print(animals1)

animals1 = ['cow', 'horse']
animals2 = ['dog']
animals3 = animals1 + animals2	# concatenate lists
print(animals3)


# Accessing Items in Lists
print("=== Example: Accessing Items in Lists ===")
animals = ['cow', 'dog', 'horse']	# create a new list

print (animals[2])			# access a particular item
animals[2] = 'duck'			# update a particular item
print (animals[0])			# indices start from zero
print (animals[-1])			# negative numbers start from the end of the list
print ('The ' + animals[0] + ' and the ' + animals[2] +  ' sleep in the barn.')


# Adding Items to Lists
print("=== Example: Adding Items to Lists ===")
animals = ['cow', 'dog', 'horse']	# create a new list
animals.append('deer')		# add item to a list
print (animals[2])			# access a particular item
animals[2] = 'duck'			# update a particular item
print (animals[0])			# indices start from zero
print (animals[-1])			# negative numbers start from the end of the list
print ('The ' + animals[0] + ' and the ' + animals[2] +  ' sleep in the barn.')
animals.insert(2, 'pig')
print (animals)


# Removing Items from Lists
print("=== Example: Removing Items from Lists ===")
animals = ['cow', 'dog', 'horse', 'sheep', 'pig']
print(animals)

del animals[3]				# by index
print(animals)

animals.remove('horse')		# by item
print(animals)


# Length of Lists
print("=== Example: Length of Lists ===")
animals = ['dog', 'cat', 'bird']
counter = 0
while counter < len(animals):
	print(animals[counter])
	counter = counter + 1
print (animals)


# index()
print("=== Example: index() ===")
small = [1, 2, 3]
string = 'CS1111 Intro to programming'

print(small.index(2))
print(string.index('n'))
print(string.index('1111'))
print(string.index('1'))


# in keyword
print("=== Example: in keyword ===")
string = 'CS1111 Intro to programming'

print('n' in string)
print('Intro' in string)
print('cat' in string)

list = [5, 7, 9, 11, 15]
print(7 in list)
print(3 in list)
print(3 not in list)


# Slicing and Returning Part of a List with [ : ]
print("=== Example: Slicing and Returning Part of a List with [ : ] ===")
string = 'CS1111 Intro to programming'

print(string)
print(string[7:15])

list = [5, 7, 9, 11, 15]
print(list)
print(list[1:4])
print(list[1:])
print(list[:4])
print(list[:-1])
print(list[1:-2])

print(list[2:4])
print(type(list[2:4]))


# Sorting and Reversing
print("=== Example: Sorting and Reversing ===")
animals = ['cow', 'dog', 'horse', 'sheep', 'pig']
animals.sort()
print('sorted animals =', animals)
print('sorted animals = ' + str(animals)) 	# another way to print (notice a space after "=")

animals.reverse()
print('reversed animals = ', animals)


# Two Dimensional List (List of Lists)
print("=== Example: Two Dimensional List (List of Lists) ===")
list1 = [5, 7, 9, 11, 15]
list_of_lists = [['cow', 'horse'], [list], [4, 5, 6]]

print(list_of_lists)
print(list_of_lists[0])		    # access a particular list
print(list_of_lists[0][1])		# access a particular item

print(len(list_of_lists))
print(len(list_of_lists[1]))


# More examples
print("=== More examples ===")
letters = ['A', 'B', 'C']
numbers = [1, 2, 3]

# concatenate lists of different element type
both = letters + numbers
print(both)
print(letters * 3) 		# repeat lists

del both[3] 			# delete a particular item (by index)
both.remove('B')		# remove by item
print(both)


# Create a copy of a list
import copy
animals = ['cow', 'horse', 'sheep', 'dog', 'chicken']
animals2 = animals
animals.append('goat')
animals3 = copy.copy(animals)
animals3.append('farmer')

print(animals3)
print(animals)

animals.sort()
print('sorted animals = ', animals)

animals.reverse()
print('reversed animals = ', animals)


# Create a list from a use's inputs
names = []
names.append(input("Give me a name: "))
names.append(input("Give me another name: "))
print(names)


print("example max, min, sum")
# max, min, sum
list1 = [12, 14, 6.0, 7, 10.5]
print("max(list1)=", max(list1))
print("min(list1)=", min(list1))
print("sum(list1)=", sum(list1))

print("example max, min, sum -- list of characters")
list2 = ["x", "y", "a", "b"]
print("max(list2)=", max(list2))
print("min(list2)=", min(list2))
# print("sum(list2)=", sum(list2))

print("example max, min, sum -- list of mixed types")
list3 = ["x", 12, 6.0, "b"]
# print("max(list3)=", max(list3))
# print("min(list3)=", min(list3))
# print("sum(list3)=", sum(list3))