This page does not represent the most current semester of this course; it is present merely as an archive.

You have enough to worry about memorizing without keeping dozens of symbols in your head at once. We intend to provide this table for your reference during every in-class evaluation.

Concept Java/C Python This class Bitwise Other
true true True \top or 11 -1 T, tautology
false false False \bot or 00 0 F, contradiction
not PP !p not p ¬P\lnot P or P\overline{P} ~p
PP and QQ p && q p and q PQP \land Q p & q PQP Q, PQP \cdot Q
PP or QQ p || q p or q PQP \lor Q p | q P+QP + Q
PP xor QQ p != q p != q PQP \oplus Q p ^ q PQP ⊻ Q
PP implies QQ PQP \rightarrow Q PQP \supset Q, PQP \Rightarrow Q
PP iff QQ p == q p == q PQP \leftrightarrow Q PQP \Leftrightarrow Q, PP xnor QQ
Concept Symbol Meaning
equivalent \equiv ABA \equiv B means ABA \leftrightarrow B is a tautology
entails \vDash ABA \vDash B means ABA \rightarrow B is a tautology
provable \vdash ABA \vdash B means AA proves BB; it means both ABA \vDash B and I know BB is true because AA is true
B\vdash B (i.e., without AA) means I know BB is true
therefore \therefore A\therefore A means both the lines above this A\vdash A
A\therefore A also connotes AA is the thing we wanted to show