''' Purpose: reinforce loop mechanics
'''
# get some sequences
color = input( 'Enter your favorite color: ' )

reply =  input( 'Enter some names: ' )
names = reply.split() # split it into a list

numbers = [ 12, 7, -11, -12, 59 ] # this is a literal list, [val1, val2, val3] , all values defined explicitly

print()

print( 'color =', color ) # color is a string
print( 'names =', names ) # names is a list
print( 'numbers =', numbers ) # numbers is a list

print()

# one-by-one go through the characters in color
for ch in color: # ch is our loop variable, we don't have to assign it anywhere, python just knows
    # if it helps you to change ch to current_character, do that. understanding loop variables is important
    up_ch = ch.upper() # capitalize every letter - this is a new string stored in up_ch, ch is unchanged
    print( up_ch ) # this print() is in the for loop, so it will run every time the loop runs

print()

# one-by-one go through the names in names
for name in names: # if you separate names with commas, the commas will be included in the string name
    cap_name = name.capitalize()   # capitalize first letter and store it in cap_name, name is unchanged
    print( cap_name )

print()

# one-by-one go through the numbers in numbers
for nbr in numbers:
    comp_nbr = -nbr # get the complement ( number * -1 )
    print( comp_nbr )

input( "enter when ready " )

# let's build a new string out of the color where the characters are separated
# by blanks
# this is a reeeaaaaaally important topic, pay attention and ask questions as needed
# accumulation = building things up. we define a variable outside of a loop and change it on every run of the loop
# accumulators are defined differently based on what you want to build up
# ex: string accumulator - we want to build a string, so we have to initialize spaced_out_color as a string
# when we want to build a string within a loop, we initialize it it as an empty string "" or ''
spaced_out_color = "" # when we are building a string, we start with an empty string as our accumulator
for ch in color:
    spaced_out_color = spaced_out_color + ch + " " # update with the old version + something new
    # new spaced_out is the old spaced_out + new character + a space
    # when we do each run, the last character in spaced_out_color will be a space

print( spaced_out_color ) # this print() is outside of the for loop, so it will only run once

# our accumulator is always going to depend on the problem and what we're trying to get
input( "enter when ready " )
print()
# let's build a list of the number of characters in each one of the names
# when we're building a list, we start with an empty list
name_lengths = [] # this is our accumulator
for name in names :
    # now we add to it in our loop
    n = len( name ) # this is our name length, calculated using the len() function
    # len() hands back an integer of character count, not a numeric string

   # print("name:",name) never be afraid to add print() statements to check your work!
   # print("length:",n)
    name_lengths.append( n ) # add the name length to the list name_lengths using the append() method function
    # remember how we talk about strings being immutable? that's why we have to say s_l = s.lower()
    # lists are mutable, so we can modify them directly without assignment statements

    # GOTCHA: NEVER ASSIGN AN APPEND()

   # print(name_lengths) # this print() is in the for loop, so it will run every time
    #print()

print( names )
print( name_lengths )

input( "enter when ready " ) # these are so we can look at the program slowly


# let's find the longest name length
longest_name_length = max( name_lengths ) # do we have a function that would help with this? do we have a list of lengths?
# we already found all the lengths, so we can just find the max() number
# the spot of the maximum length is the same spot of the longest name in names
print( 'longest name length =', longest_name_length )

# let's find the index of longest_name_length
i = name_lengths.index( longest_name_length ) # i will be our index of where we found
# index() is for lists, find() is for strings... it's hard for all of us
print( "index:", i )

# let's find the longest name that comes first in the list
# to find all of the longest names, we'd need if statements, which we'll get to after test 1 probably
longest_name = names[ i ] # go into names, grab what's at position i
print("longest name:",longest_name )

# let's find the name that occurs first alphabetically
first_alphabetically = min( names )

# min() and max() operate on sequences: strings, lists, tuples

print( 'first alphabetically: ', first_alphabetically )